Efflux-Mediated bile Resistance in Gram-Positive Pathogens

Gram-positive pathogens are causing many serious infections that affect humans and result in mild to severe diseases worldwide. In order survive initiate infection, enteric must resist the physiochemical defence factors human intestinal tract. One of these is bile, a potent antibacterial like compound intestine. Efflux pumps important mechanism by which bacteria agents such as bile. antimicrobial substances outside bacterial cell considered key factor for colonization virulence pathogens. This paper will review research conducted on efflux–mediated bile resistance Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, Enterococcus faecalis Clostridium perfringens. These colonize & animal gastrointestinal tract they have multiple innate defences gut activity However, not fully understood. The evidence from this suggests ability active transport Further needed know how sense regulates its factor. general, therefore, it seems understanding specific including gram-positive may involve development novel strategies control treatment infections.